Urine sample analysis. Test stick being held in a urine sample by a medical worker's gloved hands. The test stick will be immersed in the urine sample for a specific amount of time. Pads on the test stick will be checked for colour changes using a reference chart. Each pad tests for the presence (colour change) and/or quantity (colour intensity) of conditions such as blood in the urine (haematuria), protein in the urine (kidney disease), glucose in the urine (diabetes), and for urinary tract infections and cystitis (inflammation of the bladder).